What are speech disorders?
Speech is the act of creating specific sounds that communicate meaning to the listener. A Speech disorders is any illness that impairs an individual’s ability to make the sounds that make words.
Speech is among the most important ways people share their feelings, thoughts, and opinions to other people. Speaking requires the exact coordination of a variety of body parts, such as the neck, head the abdomen, and the chest.
The article below will look at the causes of speech disorders and the various types. We also look at the signs and causes, as well as the diagnosis and treatment for speech disorders.
Is a disorder of speech causing it?
Disorders of speech affect people’s ability to make the sounds they need to communicate with others. They’re not the exact same as disorders of language.
Disorders of speech prevent people from making correctly-formed speech sounds. the disorder affects a person’s ability to comprehend words and comprehend what people speak to them.
But the language and speech issues can make it more difficult for someone to communicate emotions and thoughts other people.
Types
People with speech disorders are of all age groups.
A few types of speech disorders include stuttering, apraxia and dysarthria. We’ll discuss these kinds in the following sections:
Stuttering
Stuttering is a type of speech disorder that disrupts the speech flow. It sufferers may experience the following kinds of disturbances:
- Repetitions happen when people involuntarily repeat vowels, sounds or even words.
- Blocks occur when people are aware of what they wish to say, but are having difficulty making the speech sounds they need. Blocks can make someone feel like they are stuck in their words.
- Prolongations refers to the expanding or drawing away of certain words or sounds.
The signs of stuttering depend on the context. The stress, excitement or even anger can trigger the stuttering problem to worsen. People may also notice that certain sounds or words can cause stutters to become noticeable.
It can lead to physical and mental symptoms that manifest simultaneously. They can be:
- tension in the neck and shoulders
- rapid blinking
- Lip tremors
- With clenched fists
- sudden head movements
The two major kinds of stuttering:
- Stuttering in the development is a problem for children in the early years who are still developing the language and speech skills. Genetic factors can significantly increase the chances of developing this kind of stutter.
- Stuttering that is neurogenic is caused when injury to brain hinders the proper coordination between different areas of the brain that are involved in speech.
Apraxia
The brain is responsible for every single step that we take including speech. The majority of part of the brain’s role in speaking is a state of mind and automatic.
When someone chooses to speak when they speak, their brain transmits signals to various body structures which work in concert to create speech. The brain instructs these organs what to do and when in order to create the right sounds.
For instance Speech signals can allow or shut the vocal cords as well as move the tongue to form the lips, and regulate the flow of air in the mouth and istanbul escorts throat.
Apraxia is a broad term used to describe brain injuries that hinder motor skills of an individual and may affect any body part. Apraxia of speech, also known as verbal apraxia refers to impairments in motor skills that impact the ability of a person to make the correct sounds of speech even if they are aware of the words they’d like to speak.
Dysarthria
Dysarthria is a condition that occurs when brain damage results in muscles weakness in a person’s mouth, face and throat. It can also affect the tongue, throat or chest. The weakness of muscles in these areas of the body may make it difficult to speak.
People with dysarthria can be afflicted by these symptoms:
- Slurred speech
- Mumbling
- Fast & Slow Speaking
- soft or quiet speech
- Face difficulty to move tongue and/or mouth
Symptoms
The signs and symptoms of speech disorders differ dependent on the nature and the degree of condition. Some people may develop multiple speech disorders that present with distinct signs.
Individuals with any of the following speech problems could suffer from these signs:
- Repeating or extending sounds
- distorting sounds
- by adding sounds or syllables words by adding sounds or syllables to
- Rearranging the syllables
- having trouble in articulating words correctly
- struggling to pronounce the right word or to make it sound
- using a hoarse, or a raspy voice
- Speaking very softly
Causes
The causes of speech disorders could be:
- brain injury as a result of an injury to the head or a stroke
- Muscle weakness
- damaged vocal cords
- A degenerative disorder that causes degeneration, such as Huntington’s Disease or Parkinson’s disease. amyotrophic lateral degeneration
- Alzheimer’s
- Cancer which effects the mouth & throats
- Autism
- Down syndrome
- Hearing loss
Risk factors that could make it more likely for someone developing speech disorders are:
- being male
- being born prematurely
- being an overweight at birth’s time.
- being a parent with a with a history of speech disorders
- having issues which can affect the nose, ears or the throat
Diagnosis
Speech-language pathologist (SLP) is a health specialist who is specialized in disorders of speech and language.
A speech therapist will assess the person for specific certain symptoms that suggest the presence of a particular type that is a speech problem. To determine a precise assessment, SLPs need to rule out any other speech and language diseases and medical conditions.
An SLP will examine a person’s medical history and family background. They also look at the way a person moves their jaw, lips and tongue. They may also examine the muscles of the throat and mouth.
Other ways to evaluate speech disorders are:
- Denver screening for the articulation exam. The test measures the clarity of a person’s voice.
- Prosody-voice screening profile. SLPs employ this test to analyze a range of aspects of someone’s speech such as phrasing, pitch speech patterns, as well as the volume of their speech.
- A dynamic evaluation of motor skills (DEMSS) manual. It is the DEMSS is a complete guide to assist SLPs identify speech disorders.
Treatment
The treatment method will generally be determined by the degree of the disorder and the root causes.
Treatment options may consist of:
- speech therapy exercises that concentrate on helping children become familiar with certain words or sounds
- exercise routines that concentrate on strengthening muscles that make speech sounds
If you require speech therapy, you can consult the skilled Speech Therapist Pathologists like Speech therapy Karachi.
We’ll discuss some treatments for speech disorders in the following:
Selection of the target
The process of selecting a target involves using specific words or sounds to become familiar with specific speech patterns. Targets for therapy could include words or sounds that cause speech disturbances.
Contextual utilization
In this way, SLPs teach people to detect speech sounds in a variety of contexts based on syllables.
Contrast Therapy
Contrast therapy involves saying words in pairs with at least one or more of the speech sounds. A good example of a word pair could include “beat” along with “feet” as well as “dough” or “show.”
Motor therapy for oral use
The oral-motor therapy strategy is focused on strengthening muscles motor control, as well as breathing control. These exercises will help you improve their fluency, which results in an easier, smoother voice that sounds more natural.
Ear device
Ear devices are small , electronic devices that fit inside the ear canal. They can aid in improving the ability of people with stuttering.
Certain earphones replay modified voices of wearers. This can appear as if they are speaking to someone else them. Others earpieces produce an audio signal that assists in controlling the sound of stuttering.
Medication
Certain speech disorders can lead individuals to develop anxiety issues. Stressful events can cause anxiety, leading to more severe symptoms of speech disorders. The use of anxiety medications can reduce signs of speech problems in certain individuals.
Summary
The effects of speech disorders can affect an individual’s ability to create sounds that are used to create words. They’re not the exact same as disorders of language, which makes it harder for people to learn new words or comprehend what other people are saying to them.
The types of speech disorders include speech disorders like apraxia, stuttering, and dysarthria. There are many factors that cause speech problems like muscle weakening, brain injuries, autism, degenerative diseases as well as hearing loss.
Speech disorders can negatively impact the self-esteem of a person and their general well-being. Speech therapy as well as breathing exercises and sometimes anti-anxiety medication can to improve speech and decrease symptoms